In this report, attention is called to this developing, but already quite large, field of study. Many objects, including antennas, can be designed using the recursive nature of a fractal. Feb 04, 2015 chip cohen w1yw n1ir one of the first to implement fractals in antenna modelling, patented the design and founded the fractal antenna systems company. A small fractal antenna carles puente baliarda, member, ieee, jordi romeu, member, ieee, and angel cardama, member, ieee abstract fractal objects have some unique geometrical properties. The idea behind the use of koch fractal antenna is to achieve multiband, wideband and size miniaturization. Entropy free fulltext entropy and fractal antennas html. Visualization of the modeled cross fractal dipole antenna geometry the reflection coefficient of the proposed antenna is shown in figure 5. Design of circular fractal antenna for dual band and uwb. The fractal antenna not only has a large effective length, but the contours of its shape can generate a capacitance or inductance that can help to match the antenna to the circuit. The standard dipole, koch curve dipole antenna with one iteration and 2 iteration was. Working of rhombic antenna by properly selecting the tilt angle, the rhombic antenna will give additive effect of radiation pattern of each long wire antenna the radiation mechanism is basically depends on two factors.
Any thoughts or designs on a practical fractal antenna for hf work. A fractal antenna is an antenna that uses a fractal, selfsimilar design to maximize the effective length, or increase the perimeter on inside sections or the outer structure, of material that can receive or transmit electromagnetic radiation within a given total surface area or volume such fractal antennas are also referred to as multilevel and space filling curves, but the key aspect. Design of circular fractal antenna for dual band and uwb applications s. Hence, half wavelength dipole antenna using fractal koch curve technique was designed in order to miniaturize the antenna height with a given total surface area or volume.
This antenna has low profile, lightweight and easy to be fabricated and has successfully demonstrated wideband characteristics. Abstract this paper presents the design of koch fractal antenna for wireless applications. In fractal geometry, the h tree, or tbranching, is a fractal tree structure constructed from perpendicular line segments, each smaller by a factor of the square root of 2 from the next larger adjacent segment. A fractal antenna is an antenna that uses a fractal, selfsimilar design to maximize the effective length, or increase the perimeter on inside sections or the outer structure, of material that can receive or transmit electromagnetic radiation within a given total surface area or volume.
Cpwfed htree fractal antenna for wlan, wimax, rfid, c. Feed to antenna is given coaxial feed at feed point 11, 9, 0. Fractal antenna suggests some attractive solutions for using single small antenna needed for different frequency bands multiband operation size, area and mass reduction miniaturization the effective length of the antenna can be increased keeping the total area same 6. A fractal is a recursively generated object having a fractional dimension. In theory you could make a 80 meter antenna very small, tiny even, compared to most 80 meter antennas used today. The fractal antenna is designed and simulated using ansys hfss 14. Both numerical and experimental results show that as the number of iterations. It has been found that the new antenna has achieved 43. In its property of coming arbitrarily close to every point of its bounding rectangle, it also resembles a spacefilling curve, although it is not itself a curve. In this article, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of fractal antenna engineering, with particular emphasis placed on the. Chip cohen w1yw n1ir one of the first to implement fractals in antenna modelling, patented the design and founded the fractal antenna systems company.
This antenna has low profile, lightweight and easy to. The h shape fractal structure is advantageous in generating multiple frequencies. Design of koch fractal antenna for wireless applications. Hf fractal antennas offer a very compact size, a good performance and a large bandwidth, but are very unusual aerials. Fractal koch dipole antenna for digital tv application. Malek school of computer and communication engineering university malaysia perlis unimap kangar, perlis, malaysia abstractthe design of a novel fractal planar inverted f antenna. Sridevi3 abstractin this paper, the design of crown circular shaped fractal microstrip patch antenna is presented. Fractal antennas can take on various shapes and forms. A fractal antenna is an antenna that uses a fractal, selfsimilar design to maximize the length, or increase the perimeter on inside sections or the outer structure, of material that can receive or transmit electromagnetic signals within a given total surface area or volume. Aug 26, 2016 that said, one example of a simple fractal antenna is the logperiodic, whose elements are scaled from back to front in a manner that allows continuous transmit and receive coverage for a wide slice of spectrum, for example from 7. Antenna designers are always looking to come up with new ideas to push the envelope for antennas, using a smaller volume while striving for every higher bandwidth and antenna gain. Iteration 2 makes for 18 total triangles that make up the antenna. On the basis of simulation results, the h shaped fractal antenna for.
It might just kill the tower biz if a practical hf fractal design can be worked up. It was observed that a compact hilbert curve fractal antenna performs well at the desired frequency of operation. Hence h shaped fractal patch antenna is obtained in which small h shaped antenna are repeated with dimension 1 mm as shown in figure 2d. The two iterative circular fractal antenna have been designed and simulated with. We then repeat that same process on each triangle this is the iteration method that will give rise to the fractal. Fractals a fractal is a rough or fragmented geometric shape that can be subdivided in parts.
Mandelbrot 20 november 1924 14 october 2010 a polishborn, french and american mathematician, noted for developing a theory of roughness in. Analysis of fractal antenna was done by using the software named cst microwave studio suite 12. Compact pifa antenna with htree fractal for mobile. Directivity is a ratio of maximum radiated to radiate by reference antenna. The setup of h tree fractal allows obtaining lower resonant frequencies, more 6db bandwidths, more resonant frequencies and important gains compared to most previous works. Firstly, the h shaped fractal antenna for 125 and 500. Mandelbrot 20 november 1924 14 october 2010 a polishborn, french and american mathematician, noted for developing a.
Resonant frequency calculation and optimal design of peano. Pdf fractal koch dipole antenna for digital tv application. Ham radio fractal antennas category is a curation of 11 web resources on, w1yw fractal antennas, fractal quad for 28 mhz band, fractal antenna for ham radio bands. The resonant frequency used for designing the antenna is 2. How to make a fractal antenna for hdtv dtv plus more on. One of them is the possibility to enclose in a finite area an. In section iii, the fractal monopole koch antenna is described and its input parameters are shown. To obtain a peano antenna with desired performance, the above factors need to be. It has hausdorff dimension 2, and comes arbitrarily close to every point in a rectangle. The first fractal antenna is based on the koch curve geometry. Design, characteristics and application nemanja poprzen1, mico gacanovic2 4 3 n lenghtkoch. Iteration 2 of the evolution from bowtie to fractal antenna. How to make a fractal antenna for hdtv dtv plus more on the.
Design of koch fractal antenna for wireless applications ijert. In this article, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of fractal antenna engineering, with particular emphasis placed on the theory and design of fractal arrays. The performance of the proposed circular fractal antenna is estimated using parametric studies of different fractal iterations, radius r1 of ground plane, various ground plane structures and. It gives better performance in return loss, vswr and directivity and can be used in the wifi. In comparison with the threeband cpwfed tree fractal antenna designed by varadhan, the proposed cpwfed h tree fractal antenna is a dualband antenna for the 5. Multiband cross dipole antenna based on the triangular and. Height above the ground h these are design parameters of antenna. Cpwfed htree fractal antenna for wlan, wimax, rfid, cband. In the brief study of fractal antennas for this report, i have found hundreds of papers, dozens of patents. We are seeing fractal antenna theory shedding new light on our understanding of classic wideband antennas. Fractal antenna theory uses a modern fractal geometry that is a natural extension of euclidian geometry.
Printed circuit fractal loops the printed circuit fractal loop antenna is designed to achieve u ltra wideband or multiple wideba nd performance and significantly reduce the antenna dimensions. Download and print antenna template print out one copy each of part 1 and part 2 of the. Fractal is a concept which is being implemented in m icro strip antenna to have better characteristics than micro strip antenna. Isbell and raymond duhamel individual componentsdipoles length and spacing of elements of lpa increase logarithmically from 1 end to the other z and r characteristics that are regularly repetitive as a logarithmic function of the excitation.
It is so called because its repeating pattern resembles the letter h. Design and analysis of fractal antennas for wideband. Compact pifa antenna with htree fractal for mobile handset. Fractal antennas uses a fractal design to maximize the perimeter of the material that can receive and transmit electromagnetic radiation within a given total surface area or volume. Fractal recursion with arraylist of objects koch curve the nature of code duration. For example, a quarter wavelength monopole can be transformed into a similarly shorter antenna by the koch.
482 1300 13 202 982 1132 23 635 1010 535 610 1454 1527 961 1326 440 918 532 1008 1469 1037 449 273 67 1233 205 695 1316 273 747 1039 1021 499 1260 122 319 1508 799 1035 170 570 508 1470 1013 1032 487 584